By Li Xuesong and Shu Jiahui
李雪松 舒嘉辉
According to Japanese media reports, Japan's company Fujitsu recently announced that it has launched the Accelerator Program for Defense Tech commissioned by Japan's Acquisition, Technology & Logistics Agency (ATLA). Packaged as an "open innovation" initiative, the program aims to accelerate the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the military field and explore the in-depth integration of AI in key areas such as operational analysis, mission planning, and command assistance.
据日本媒体报道，日本富士通公司近日宣布，已启动由防卫装备厅委托的“国防科技加速器计划”。该计划被包装为“开放式创新”项目，其目标是加速人工智能（AI）在军事领域的应用，探索AI在作战分析、任务规划和指挥辅助等关键环节的深度融合。
The program focuses on building a multi-agent collaborative system, connecting the entire chain of data collection, intelligence processing, and decision support through multi-model linkage to improve command efficiency and reduce human workload. The ATLA seeks to leverage this opportunity to draw resources from start-up enterprises, accelerate the transformation of dual-use technologies, and promote the practical application of AI technology in the defense sector.
该计划主要聚焦构建多智能体协同系统，通过多模型联动打通数据采集、情报处理与辅助决策的完整链路，以提升指挥效率并减轻人力负荷。防卫装备厅试图借此机会吸纳初创企业资源，加速军民两用技术的转化，推动AI技术在防务领域的实战化落地。
At the institutional level, Japan has continued to "relax restrictions" on the military application of AI in recent years. From the lifting of the ban on collective self-defense rights in 2015 to the release of the new version of the National Security Strategy in 2022, Japan has gradually relaxed restrictions on the research and development (R&D) and application of military technologies. At the organizational level, Japan's Ministry of Defense relies on the ATLA to coordinate equipment R&D and procurement, and has established a dedicated department to promote the transformation of AI and other cutting-edge technologies into operational systems.
在制度层面，日本近年来持续为AI军事化应用“松绑”。从2015年解禁集体自卫权，到2022年出台新版《国家安全保障战略》，日本逐步放宽对军事技术研发与运用的限制。在组织架构上，防卫省依托防卫装备厅统筹装备研发与采购，并设立专门部门，推动AI等前沿技术向作战体系的转化。
Such ambition is also reflected in sustained budget input. Against the backdrop of Japan's defense budget hitting record highs for consecutive years, AI and unmanned systems have become key investment areas. In Fiscal Year 2025, Japan's Ministry of Defense set a budget of approximately 196.9 billion yen (equivalent to about 1.236 billion US dollars) for AI-related projects. In the Fiscal Year 2026 budget proposal, special funds have been earmarked for coastal unmanned defense systems, collaborative unmanned wingmen, and drone swarm control, among others. At the application level, the Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) are accelerating the intelligent modification of command and control systems. The AI upgrade of its main command platform, the all-domain operational command and control system, has entered the testing phase. It has previously completed full-process verification during the 2025 Fuji Firepower Exercise.
这种野心也体现在持续的预算投入中。在日本防卫预算连年创新高背景下，AI与无人系统已成为重点投入领域。2025财年，日本防卫省AI相关项目预算约为1969亿日元（约合12.36亿美元）。在2026财年预算案中，更是单列沿岸无人防卫体系、协同无人僚机及无人机集群控制等专项经费。在应用层面，日本自卫队正加快推进指挥控制系统的智能化改造。其主要指挥平台“全域作战指挥控制系统”的AI升级已进入测试阶段，并在2025年度“富士综合火力演习”中完成全流程验证。
To support the R&D and application promotion of relevant technologies, Japan is building a "government-led, enterprise-engaged, and university-backed" collaborative framework. Enterprises such as Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Kawasaki Heavy Industries have formed clear divisions of labor in areas like unmanned platforms and intelligent ammunition. Universities including the University of Tokyo and Kyoto University provide technical support for the military application of AI by establishing joint laboratories and carrying out specialized talent training, among other measures.
为支撑相关技术研发与应用推广，日本正在构建“政府主导、企业参与、高校支撑”的协同体系。三菱重工、川崎重工等企业在无人平台、智能弹药等领域形成明确分工；东京大学、京都大学等高校通过设立联合实验室、开展专项人才培养等方式，为AI军事化应用提供技术支撑。
Japan's measures to promote the militarization of AI have sparked doubts at home. Public opinion holds that although the Japanese authorities repeatedly claim to adhere to the principle of "ultimate human control over AI", the ethical red line of algorithmic intervention remains ambiguous. Such radical expansion of military technology under the guise of "defense" reflects Japan's risk-taking propensity in security policy, which is likely to sow seeds of danger for regional peace and stability.
日本推动AI军事化的相关举措在其国内引发质疑。舆论认为，尽管日本官方反复宣称坚持“人类最终控制AI”的原则，但算法介入的伦理红线依旧模糊不清。这种打着“防御”幌子的军事技术激进扩张，折射出日本在安全政策上的冒险倾向，很可能给地区和平稳定埋下隐患。