By Fu Bo
傅波
Recently, NATO has held multiple large-scale drills under the guise of enhancing its own defense capabilities.
近期，北约以强化自身防务能力为名，举行多场大规模演习活动。
Annual anti-submarine drill. Several NATO members kicked off the annual Dynamic Manta 2023 anti-submarine drill on February 27 to train anti-submarine and anti-surface warfare capabilities, according to the announcement by NATO's Allied Maritime Command (MARCOM). Naval forces from nine countries including the US, Canada, France, Germany, the UK, Greece, Italy, Spain and Türkiye participated in the exercise in the waters off Sicily, Italy with their submarines, surface ships, and maritime patrol aircraft. Rear Admiral Stephen Mack, Commander for Allied submarines assigned to NATO, said that NATO must plan to deal with multi-dimensional threats. The Dynamic Manta drill can help build a framework to comprehensively exercise the anti-submarine warfare capabilities of NATO member states.
年度反潜演习。据北约海事司令部发布的公告称，2月27日，北约多国举行代号为“活力魔鬼鱼-2023”的年度反潜演习，演练多国反潜和反水面作战能力。演习在意大利西西里附近海域举行，美国、加拿大、法国、德国、英国、希腊、意大利、西班牙和土耳其等9国参演，参演装备包括潜艇、水面舰艇、海上巡逻机等。北约潜艇部队指挥官斯蒂芬·麦克表示，北约须提前谋划应对多层面威胁，“活力魔鬼鱼”军演可搭建框架，全面演练北约成员国的反潜作战能力。
The exercise against "imaginary enemy". The French Ministry of Armed Forces recently held the largest military exercise in the past three decades named ORION 2023 in the south. More than 7,000 soldiers from various services of the French military participated, and some military personnel from the UK, Spain, the US and Germany were also invited to join.
“假想敌”演习。法国国防部近期在南部举行了30年来最大规模的军事演习，代号“猎户座-2023”。来自法国各军种的7000余名军人参演。英国、西班牙、美国及德国的部分军人也受邀参加了此次演习。
French media reported that, unlike the past drills where France set the imaginary enemy as an armed group, the scenario of this exercise is a large-scale conflict between countries. Patricia Miralles, Secretary of State to the French Minister for the Armed Forces, said that this exercise is designed to prepare for potential wars that might occur in the next 10 to 15 years.
据法国媒体报道，与法国以往在演习中将对手设定为某个假想的武装团体不同，此次演习将场景设定为国家之间的大规模冲突。法国国务秘书米拉莱斯称，此次演习是为应对在未来10年至15年内发生的潜在战争。
Targeted defense exercise. Recently, about 350 soldiers from the US and France in NATO forces held a military exercise in Romania to test the defense capabilities of NATO's eastern forces. NATO said the purpose of the exercise is to train the use of the US-produced HIMARS launchers and strengthen the coordinated combat capabilities of NATO forces when facing attacks.
针对性防御演习。近期，北约部队的美法两国士兵在罗马尼亚举行军事演习，以测试北约东部部队的防御能力，约350名军人参演。北约方面表示，军演的目的是演练使用美国生产的“海马斯”火箭炮，同时加强北约部队在面对进攻时的协同作战能力。
Overall, NATO's recent intensive drills have two main considerations. On the one hand, it is to train integrated combat capabilities. As one of NATO's two annual anti-submarine exercises, the content of the Dynamic Manta has been continuously expanded in recent years. NATO hopes to correctly evaluate and improve the anti-submarine combat capabilities of NATO's naval forces via such exercises.
总体来看，北约近期密集举行演训活动，主要有两方面考量。一方面，锤炼一体化作战能力。作为北约两大年度反潜演习之一，“活力魔鬼鱼”军演的内容近年来不断拓展，北约希望利用演习正确评估并提升北约海上部队反潜作战能力。
The ORION 2023 drill involves nearly all services of the French military and its European allies, including traditional land, naval, and air forces, as well as emerging space and cyber forces. In addition, military drones, which have been widely used in modern warfare, can also be found in this exercise. "The exercises aim to show that we have an army capable of demonstrating responsiveness and endurance in conditions of high intensity conflict," said French Defense Minister Sébastien Lecornu.
“猎户座-2023”军演的参演兵力涉及法国及其欧洲盟友的几乎全部军种，囊括了传统的陆、海、空军，新兴的太空部队及网络部队。此外，在现代战争中应用颇多的军用无人机首次在此次法国军演中亮相。法国国防部长勒科尔尼称：“演习的目的是展示我们的部队应对复杂情况的能力及在高强度冲突中的快速反应能力。”
On the other hand, it highlights the attitude of camp confrontation. NATO's recent joint exercises are clearly aimed at Russia. Russian President's Press Secretary Dmitry Peskov said in an interview with Izvestia that "NATO acts as a united alliance not as our conventional opponent, but as an enemy. Their intelligence works against us 24 hours a day."
另一方面，凸显集团化对抗姿态。北约近期的联合演习活动，针对俄罗斯意味明显。俄罗斯总统新闻秘书佩斯科夫在接受《消息报》采访时表示：“现在北约作为一个统一的集团不再是我们的假想敌，而是敌人。北约的侦察机构每天24小时都在侦察俄罗斯。”
The recent NATO exercises will further exacerbate regional tensions. Recently, German Defense Minister Boris Pistorius said that Germany, the US, and Poland are discussing to hold a joint military exercise in Poland. Pistorius said that the joint exercise is intended to send a signal to Russian President Vladimir Putin, that is NATO is not as weak as it seems, and the US and Germany will fulfill their obligations to protect NATO.
北约近期举行的多场演习，将进一步加剧地区紧张局势。近日，德国国防部长皮斯托里乌斯表示，德国、美国和波兰正就在波兰境内举行联合军演进行商讨。皮斯托里乌斯称，该联合演习是想向俄罗斯总统普京发出信号：北约不像看起来那么软弱，美、德将履行保护北约的义务。
In addition, NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg said that NATO has made progress in negotiations with Hungary and Türkiye on the accession of Sweden and Finland to NATO. Finland, Sweden, and Türkiye will continue discussions on joining NATO in March in Brussels. Under the background of NATO's continuous expansion and constant pressure, the security situation in the European region may further deteriorate.
此外，北约秘书长斯托尔滕贝格表示，北约与匈牙利和土耳其就瑞典和芬兰加入北约谈判取得进展。芬兰、瑞典和土耳其将于本月晚些时候在布鲁塞尔继续讨论加入北约的问题。下一步，在北约持续“扩员”、不断施压的背景下，欧洲地区安全形势恐将进一步恶化。
