By Wang Zhuolun, Li Jun and Xie Hao

王卓伦、李军、谢昊

As the Hezbollah-Israel conflict continues to escalate, Israel has recently launched several attacks on the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), sparking widespread opposition from the international community.

随着黎以冲突不断升级，以色列近来数次袭击联合国驻黎巴嫩临时部队（联黎部队），引发国际社会广泛反对。

Analysts say that the attacks of Israel express its dissatisfaction with the UN and UNIFIL and serve the military action of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in southern Lebanon. Since the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict broke out, Israel has repeatedly crossed the "red line" of the international community. The main reason is the continuous indulgence and support from the US, which has led to a lack of restraint on the actions of Israel. This series of attacks seriously challenges the authority of the UN and may lead to broader regional instability.

分析人士认为，以色列此举既是表达对联合国及联黎部队的不满，也是为以军攻打黎南部的军事行动服务。以色列自本轮巴以冲突爆发以来屡屡踩踏国际社会“红线”，主要原因是美国一直对其纵容支持，导致其行为得不到约束。此次系列袭击事件严重挑战联合国权威，或导致更广泛的地区动荡。

Recently, the UNIFIL peacekeepers have been attacked frequently. On October 10th, two peacekeepers were injured after an IDF tank opened fire on an observation tower at UNIFIL's headquarters in Naqoura; on 11th, two more peacekeepers were injured in the attack of the IDF; on 12th, a UNIFIL peacekeeper was wounded by bullets from nearby military actions; and on 13th, two IDF tanks forcibly entered a base of the UNIFIL. In addition, UNIFIL also accused the IDF of blocking a critical logistical movement of UNIFIL forces on the 12th.

近日，联黎部队频频遭袭。10日，以军一辆坦克向联黎部队位于纳古拉地区司令部的一座哨塔开火，造成两名维和部队人员受伤；11日，以军袭击又造成两名维和部队士兵受伤；12日，联黎部队一名维和人员被附近军事活动的枪弹击伤；13日，两辆以军坦克强行进入联黎部队驻地。此外，联黎部队还指认以军12日阻止联黎部队一次“至关重要的”后勤行动。

Faced with condemnation from the international community, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu took a tough stance and issued a video statement to UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres on the 13th, saying that the presence of UNIFIL forces in southern Lebanon makes them "hostages of Hezbollah". The IDF had repeatedly asked the UNIFIL to withdraw from the war zone but was repeatedly rejected. Refusing to withdraw would endanger the lives of the UNIFIL peacekeepers and Israeli soldiers. Netanyahu expressed regret for the harm caused to UNIFIL soldiers. "We are doing everything in our power to prevent this harm. But the simplest and most logical way to ensure this is simply to get them out of the combat zone," Netanyahu added.

面对国际社会谴责声浪，以色列总理内塔尼亚胡态度强硬，13日专门发表致联合国秘书长古特雷斯的视频声明，称黎巴嫩真主党将联黎部队用作“人盾”，以军曾多次要求联黎部队撤出战区但屡遭拒绝，拒绝撤离将危及联黎部队和以军士兵生命安全。内塔尼亚胡称，以色列对维和部队人员受伤“深感遗憾”，正尽一切努力防止此类事件再次发生，“但确保这一点简单而明显的方法就是让他们脱离危险区域”。

Guterres responded on the same day that although UNIFIL troops had suffered multiple attacks in the past few days, it would stay in all its positions.

古特雷斯同日回应说，尽管联黎部队过去几天内遭到多起袭击，但仍将继续坚守所有阵地。

The Israeli side stated that the attack on UNIFIL peacekeepers was not intentional. The forced intrusion incident on the 13th was caused by a tank that was assisting in evacuating the wounded and drove into the UNIFIL base while "reversing" due to a "fierce attack". The IDF fired smoke bombs to provide cover for the evacuation of the wounded, which posed no threat to UNIFIL peacekeepers. But experts think that things are not that simple.

以方称，袭击联黎部队并非有意为之，13日的“强闯”事件是协助撤走伤员的坦克因遭到“猛烈攻击”而在“倒车”过程中驶入联黎部队驻地，以军发射烟幕弹为撤离伤员提供掩护，未对联黎部队构成威胁。但专家认为，事情并不这么简单。

Qatar's Al Jazeera quoted Lebanese security and political affairs analyst Ali Rizk as saying that Israel has always been dissatisfied with UNIFIL troops, believing that it has not prevented Hezbollah from carrying out military activities in some areas that pose threats to Israel and that the attack is a manifestation of its dissatisfaction with the UN.

卡塔尔半岛电视台援引黎巴嫩政治安全事务分析师阿里·里兹克的话说，以色列一直对联黎部队心存不满，认为其未阻止黎真主党在一些对以方造成威胁的区域开展军事活动，袭击是对联合国不满的体现。

The attacks of the IDF are believed to have more important military purposes. Some analysts believe that the UNIFIL troops occupied the main transportation routes in southern Lebanon, becoming the biggest obstacle to the rapid advance of the IDF in the area. Therefore, Israel tried to force it to withdraw through attacks. Liu Zhongmin, a professor at the Middle East Studies Institute (MESI) of Shanghai International Studies University, thinks that the main purpose of the IDF attack on UNIFIL troops is to create conditions for opening a security buffer zone in southern Lebanon.

以方的袭击行为被认为还有更重要的军事目的。有分析指出，联黎部队占据着黎南部交通要道，成为以军在这一地区快速推进的最大障碍，因此以方试图通过袭击迫使其撤走。上海外国语大学中东研究所教授刘中民认为，以色列攻击联黎部队的主要目的是为在黎南部开辟安全缓冲区创造条件。

Apart from the attacks on the UNIFIL peacekeepers, Israel has repeatedly crossed the "red line" of the international community since the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict broke out, including causing large numbers of civilian casualties and serious humanitarian crises in the Gaza Strip and Lebanon and carrying out "targeted elimination" on the territory of other countries. It is also widely believed that Israel was behind the explosion of communication devices in Lebanon. Analysts point out that the support and connivance of the US are major reasons for Israel to push forward its military operations despite strong opposition from the international community.

除了袭击联黎部队，以色列自本轮巴以冲突以来屡踩国际社会“红线”，包括在加沙地带和黎巴嫩造成大量平民伤亡和严重人道主义危机，在他国领土上搞“定点清除”等。外界还普遍认为，以色列是黎巴嫩通信设备爆炸事件的幕后主使。分析人士指出，以色列不顾国际社会强烈反对，持续推进军事行动，美国的支持纵容是主要原因。

The United States not only provides diplomatic support to Israel on various occasions but also continues to provide military aid to Israel by sending additional military forces to the Middle East. Just on the 13th, the US Department of Defense announced that it would provide Israel with a THAAD anti-missile system and send relevant US military personnel.

美国不仅在各种场合为以色列提供外交支持，还持续向以色列提供军援，并向中东地区增派军事力量为以色列撑腰。就在13日，美国国防部宣布将向以色列提供一套“萨德”反导系统并派遣相关美军人员。

According to Liu Zhongmin, Israel has developed an increasingly radical and reckless behavior pattern in the conflicts over the past year. The support of the US has made it difficult for the UN Security Council to form an effective restraint and punishment mechanism for Israel, allowing Israel to go further and further on the path. This series of attacks on UN peacekeepers poses a threat to the international order and seriously challenges the authority of the UN and the credibility of multilateral mechanisms.

刘中民认为，以色列在过去一年的冲突中形成了愈发激进和不顾后果的行为模式，美国的支持导致联合国安理会层面难以形成对以色列有效的约束和惩罚机制，使以色列在我行我素的道路上越走越远。此次一系列袭击联合国维和部队的行为对国际秩序构成威胁，严重挑战联合国的权威性和多边机制的公信力。