US Army personnel participates in the Joint Pacific Multinational Readiness Center exercise 25-02 (JPMRC 25-02) Arctic deployment drill.
美陆军人员参加“联合太平洋多国战备中心2025”北极部署演练。
By Du Chaoping
杜朝平
Recently, newly appointed US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth made a series of statements on NATO and European security. Against the backdrop of US-Russia talks sidelining Europe and cooling transatlantic relations, NATO, as the military organization bridging US-Europe security ties, is also facing a new turning point. Since Donald Trump's re-election as US president, American military activities in the Arctic have become increasingly frequent.
在俄乌冲突三周年之际,美国新任防长赫格塞思针对北约及欧洲安全等问题作出了一系列表态。在美俄会谈架空欧洲、欧美关系遇冷的背景下，北约作为承接欧美安全联系的军事组织也面临新的转折点。自特朗普重新当选美国总统以来，美国在北极地区的军事行动愈发频繁。
From January 16 to 25, the US military held JPMRC 25-02 at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson in Alaska. Around 10,000 personnel from the US Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps, as well as the Canadian and Mongolian armed forces, participated in the exercise. In temperatures below minus 30 degrees Celsius, they simulated combat procedures in a battlefield environment.
1月16日至25日，美军在阿拉斯加埃尔门多夫—理查森联合基地举行“联合太平洋多国战备中心2025”北极部署演练。来自美陆军、空军、海军陆战队及加拿大、蒙古国军队的约1万名人员参演。在低于零下30摄氏度的低温环境中，模拟实战环境下的作战流程。
From February 6 to March 13, the US Army conducted exercise Gothic Sentinel at Camp Ethan Allen in Vermont, focusing on mountain warfare skills in extreme cold conditions.
2月6日至3月13日，美陆军在佛蒙特州伊桑·艾伦营地举行“哥特哨兵”演习，演练在极寒战斗环境下的山地作战技能。
From February 17 to 28, the US Army Europe and Africa led the multinational joint exercise Arctic Forge 25 in northern Finland and other locations. It aimed to enhance participating forces' operational capabilities in complex weather conditions while further strengthening US and allied interoperability in the Arctic region to prepare for potential conflicts or crises. The biennial exercise, with participating forces from NATO member countries, is not conducted under the NATO framework but based on the Arctic strategy of the US Army.
2月17日至28日，由美陆军欧洲—非洲司令部领导的“北极熔炉-25”多国联合演习在芬兰北部等地举行，旨在提升参演部队在复杂天气环境中的作战能力，同时进一步强化美国与盟友在北极地区的协同作战能力，以便“为应对冲突或危机做好准备”。该演习每两年举行一次，参演部队均来自北约成员国，但并非在北约框架下举行，而是依托美陆军北极战略展开。
In addition, since mid-February, the US Army has been conducting extreme cold temperature testing on the M10 Booker armored infantry support vehicle at Fort Greely in Alaska, to assess its operational effectiveness in harsh weather conditions and prepare for full-scale production.
此外，自2月中旬开始，美陆军在阿拉斯加格里利堡对M10“布克”战车进行极寒天气测试，以评估其在恶劣天气条件下的作战效能，为全面生产做准备。
As a special force of the US Army, the 10th Mountain Division regularly conducts mountain warfare training in cold weather conditions. The division is equipped with specialized gear designed for extreme cold environments and its soldiers are trained to perform combat missions under such harsh conditions. The 11th Airborne Division was reactivated in Alaska in 2022 and is the only divisional-level unit of the US military in the Arctic region. The deployment of these two units in multinational joint exercises is primarily aimed at serving US geopolitical interests in the Arctic region.
第10山地师作为美陆军一支特种部队，常态化进行寒冷天气下的山地作战训练。该部队配备专门应对极寒环境的作战装备，士兵普遍具备极端条件下执行作战任务能力。第11空降师于2022年在阿拉斯加重新组建，是美军在北极地区唯一的师级建制部队。美军派遣这两支部队参加多国联合演习，核心目的是为美国在北极地区的地缘政治利益服务。
During his first term in office, Donald Trump openly stated that the Arctic region would become a key battleground in the future. The Report on the Arctic Strategy of the US issued by the Pentagon explicitly designates the Arctic as "a potential corridor for strategic competition." Under this strategic guidance, the US Coast Guard, Air Force and Space Force, Navy, and Army have successively released their own Arctic strategies. After Donald Trump was re-elected as president, he declared his intention to "buy" Greenland, suggested making Canada the 51st US state, and again withdrew from the Paris Agreement aimed at addressing climate change. These actions by the US in the Arctic reflect its ambition to consolidate its hegemonic position in the region.
特朗普在首次执政时，就直言北极地区将成为未来的“关键战场”。美国国防部发布的《北极战略报告》将北极明确定位为“潜在战略竞争走廊”。在该战略指引下，美海岸警卫队、空军和太空军、海军、陆军先后发布各自的北极战略。特朗普再次当选美国总统后，宣称要夺取格陵兰岛，扬言把加拿大变成美国第51个州，并再次退出旨在应对气候变化的《巴黎协定》。美国在北极地区的一系列举动，反映出其巩固北极地区霸权地位的图谋。
