By Duan Ting
6月底，北约成员国领导人在西班牙马德里峰会上批准了《北约2022战略概念》。这份新“战略概念”文件对北约所处的安全环境进行了评估，同时明确了北约未来10年的核心任务。
Leaders of NATO members approved the new Strategic Concept 2022 at the summit held in Madrid, Spain at the end of June. The new document evaluated the security environment faced by NATO and specified its core tasks in the next ten years.
然而,作为指导北约发展的纲领性文件，新“战略概念”文件却充斥对抗、零和思维和意识形态偏见。
Yet as the blueprint guiding NATO’s future development, the new Strategic Concept is fraught with confrontation, zero-sum mindset, and ideological prejudices.
渲染安全威胁煽动阵营对立
The new Strategic Concept exaggerates security threats and agitates bloc confrontation
北约新“战略概念”文件将“大国竞争”视为今后10年最严峻的安全挑战,将俄罗斯视为“最大且直接的威胁”。同时，北约在新“战略概念”文件中还无端攻击中国，将中国定义为“系统性挑战”，声称中国挑战了其利益、安全和价值观,并将中俄战略协作伙伴关系视作威胁。
NATO’s new Strategic Concept views “major-country competition” as the most severe security challenge in the next decade, and views Russian Federation as the most significant and direct threat. It also makes groundless attacks against China, labeling it as posing systemic challenges to NATO’s interests, security, and values. It regards the China-Russia strategic partnership of coordination as a threat too.
毫无疑问，新“战略概念”文件突出“大国竞争”的基调，是根据美国的战略意图而设定，其目的是配合美国全方位打压对手，维护美式霸权。然而，文件中对“威胁”和“挑战”的区分认定，表明美欧之间在安全关切和地缘战略考量上的不同，也反映出北约欧洲成员国在对华问题上并不完全认同美国的看法。
There is no doubt that the document’s highlight of “major-country competition” is based on America’s strategic intention and aimed to help the US oppress its rivals and maintain its hegemony. However, the differentiation between “threat” and “challenge” made by the document reveals the differences between the US and Europe regarding security concerns and geostrategic considerations. It also indicates that NATO’s European members don’t see completely eye to eye with the US on the China issue.
强调集体防御包藏进攻取向
The new Strategic Concept emphasizes collective defense and shows an aggressive tendency.
新“战略概念”文件重申，确保集体防御和盟国安全是北约的核心使命和目标，并将威慑与防御、危机预防与管理、合作安全作为北约未来10年的三大核心任务。这三大核心任务既体现了北约今后10年对军事及其他力量的建设要求和运用方式，也折射出北约战略的攻防两面。
The new Strategic Concept reiterates that ensuring the collective defense and security of all Allies is NATO’s core task and goal. It lists deterrence and defense, crisis prevention and management, and cooperative security as NATO’s three core tasks for the next decade. This reflects how it will use its military capacities in the next ten years, and also the offensive and defensive sides of its strategy.
首先，北约认为在战略竞争环境下，必须增强全球意识和影响力，在所有领域和方向进行威慑、防御、竞争和拒止。这表明，北约虽然将集体防御作为核心使命，但其履行使命的方式将具有更强的主动性，体现出其外向型、进攻性的战略思想。
First of all, NATO believes that in an environment of strategic competition, it must enhance its global influence and conduct deterrence, defense, competition and denial in all domains and directions. In other words, it will fulfill the task in a more proactive way, which demonstrates NATO’s outward, aggressive strategic thinking.
其次，北约明确，要进一步提升部队的战备状态、反应速度和机动能力，加强部队和装备的预置，改进军事基础设施，提升快速增援的可靠性。这表明，未来应对或处理危机时，北约将更加灵活、主动地使用军事手段。
Second, NATO vows to further enhance the war-preparedness, responsiveness and maneuverability of its troops, reinforce pre-deployment of troops and equipment, upgrade military infrastructure, and make speedy reinforcement more reliable. This means NATO will be more flexible and proactive with military means when responding to or dealing with crises in the future.
服务美国霸权破坏世界和平
The new Strategic Concept serves American hegemony and undermines world peace.
北约是冷战产物，本应随着冷战结束而消失。然而，冷战结束后，北约在美国主导下五次东扩，并屡屡在世界各地煽风点火、制造麻烦，甚至动辄武力威胁，给世界安全带来最大危害的恰恰是北约自身。
NATO was the outcome of the Cold War. It should have been dissolved with the end of the Cold War. Nevertheless, it has experienced five rounds of eastward expansion under America’s lead since then, and has fanned flames, made trouble, and constantly threatened to use force around the world. It is the organization itself that has brought the greatest harm to world security.
在美国的主导下，北约新“战略概念”文件中颠倒黑白之处比比皆是：明明蓄意围堵中国，却声称北约意在“自保”；明明主动挑起对抗，却妄称中国“分裂北约”。这份文件非但无法体现北约所标榜的“防御性质”，反而暴露了其以意识形态划线挑动冲突对抗、破坏世界和平的本质，它贯彻的是美国的战略意图，指导的是未来10年北约如何为维护美国霸权服务。
Under the leadership of the US, NATO’s new Strategic Concept is rife with examples of calling black white – it describes the intentional containment of China as self-preservation, and it accuses China of trying to split NATO while it is NATO that initiates confrontation. The document in no way reflects NATO’s self-claimed defensive nature, but exposes its true color of drawing ideological lines, instigating conflict and confrontation, and undermining world peace. The Strategic Concept follows America’s strategic intention and serves to help maintain America's hegemony in the next ten years.
在新“战略概念”文件中，美国为推动北约染指亚太进行了顶层设计，强行将一众盟友推上配合美国打压中国的轨道。此外，美国还不遗余力地煽动欧俄对抗，企图借此持续削弱俄罗斯，并借机鼓动欧洲加强防务，利用欧洲资源减轻美国在欧防务压力。这份文件充分暴露了美国“一石三鸟”的如意算盘——遏华、削俄、损欧。这种险恶用心体现了美国的一种战略文化传统，就是把亚欧大陆视为地缘政治“大棋局”，认为只有阻止中俄欧等亚欧大陆多方合作，才能延续美国霸权。
In the new Strategic Concept, the US makes the top-level design for NATO to put its fingers in the Asian Pacific pie and forces its allies onto the America-laid track of suppressing China. Washington spares no effort in instigating the EU-Russia confrontation in hopes of continuously weakening Moscow, getting Europe to step up its defense, and consequently lessening its own defense burden on the continent. The document reveals America’s well-calculated plan to kill three birds with one stone – containing China, weakening Russia, and harming Europe. Such a sinister motive is ingrained in America’s strategic tradition. It always views the Eurasian continent as a geopolitical “chess piece”, and believes that it can only maintain its hegemony by wrecking and blocking any possible cooperation among China, Russia, and the EU.
不难想象，如果国际局势按照美国设计的路径演变，亚太地区将风波不断，亚欧大陆将烽火不断。到头来，受益者唯有美国。
It’s easy to imagine if the international situation evolves as what America has planned, Asia Pacific and Eurasia will know no end of chaos and conflict. At that time, the only one to benefit is Uncle Sam.
（作者单位：国防大学国家安全学院）
(The author is from the National Security College, China PLA National Defence University)
