林琮轶
By Lin Congyi
对英雄烈士的纪念褒扬，彰显烈士的高尚品质，也体现一个国家和民族的精神气质。今天是9月30日，也是中国第9个全国烈士纪念日。今天，让我们一起缅怀英烈。
The commemoration of and praise for the martyrs highlights the lofty character of martyrs and also reflects the spirit of a nation and its people. Today is the 9th National Martyr’s Day of China, a day that martyrs are to be cherished.
据不完全统计，近代以来我国约有2000万名烈士为民族独立、人民解放和国家富强、人民幸福捐躯。为这些“最可爱的人”设立国家纪念日，组织各种形式的纪念活动，正是为了以国家的名义向他们致敬。
According to rough statistics, since 1840, there have been 20 million martyrs in China, who sacrificed their lives for the national independence and emancipation and the prosperity of the country and happiness of the people. For this reason, they are addressed as the “dearest people” by the Chinese people. Setting up a national day and organizing memorial activities nationwide is how China respects its martyrs.
党的十八大以来，习近平总书记在多个场合表达过对英雄烈士的崇敬之情。2014年12月31日，习近平在发表2015年新年贺词中说：“对一切为国家、为民族、为和平付出宝贵生命的人们，不管时代怎样变化，我们都要永远铭记他们的牺牲和奉献。”
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Part of China, Present Xi Jinping, also general secretary of the CPC Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, has expressed his admiration and respect for the martyrs on many occasions. “For all those who gave their precious lives for the country, the nation and peace, no matter how the times change, we should always remember their sacrifice and dedication,” Present Xi said in his 2015 New Year address.
近年来，我国烈士褒扬相关法律法规和政策文件不断完善，全社会崇尚英烈、缅怀英烈、学习英烈、捍卫英烈的氛围更加浓厚。
In recent years, China has released series of laws, regulations and supportive policies regarding the commemoration of martyrs. And the whole society has formed a thicker atmosphere of respecting, remembering, learning heroes and martyrs and defending their honor and reputations.
烈士纪念设施建设全国一盘棋
Making national planning for construction of memorial facilities for martyrs
3月15日，驻岩某部官兵来到龙岩市新罗区烈士陵园祭扫先烈，官兵通过扫码了解烈士的姓名、性别、生平事迹等信息。
People use their cell phones to sweep the QR code so as to get the information of the martyrs, including name, gender, and life stories at a martyr’s cemetery in Xinluo district, Longyan city, Fujian province on March 15, 2022.
2022年3月，福建龙岩市新罗区退役军人事务局在烈士墓区设置二维码墙，把每名烈士的相关信息生成二维码，结合墓穴进行定点定位。前来祭奠的人只要用手机扫一扫，就可查看烈士的相关信息。
The bureau of veteran affairs of Xinluo district, Longyan city in Fujian province set up a QR code wall at the martyr’s cemetery in March, 2022. Each code on the wall links to the information of a martyr and provides a guide to the location of the martyr’s tomb. People who come to pay their respects to the martyrs could learn about the personal information and life stories of the martyrs by sweeping the QR codes.
这样的设置并不是该区退役军人事务局自发的创举，而是全国烈士纪念设施规划中的一环。
Such design is not a self-driven innovation came up by the bureau of veteran affairs of Xinluo district, but a part of a national planning for the management of memorial facilities for martyrs around the country.
2019年9月，《烈士纪念设施规划建设修缮管理维护总体工作方案》正式印发。作为烈士纪念设施保护管理工作的纲领性文件，该方案提出要规划建设好、管理好烈士纪念设施。
In September, 2019, an overall working program for the planning, building, maintenance and management of memorial facilities for martyrs was officially released. As the guideline for the work in this aspect, the document requires relevant departments to do a better job in planning, building and managing the memorial facilities for martyrs.
2021年9月，中央宣传部、财政部、退役军人事务部联合实施“全国县级以下英雄烈士纪念设施整修工程”，目标是对县级以下（含县级）英雄烈士纪念设施进行集中整修，从根本上改善县级及以下英雄烈士纪念设施整体面貌，大力提升英雄烈士纪念设施红色教育功能。
The Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Veterans Affairs jointly launched the national renovation project of memorial facilities for heroes and martyrs below the county level in September 2021, for the purpose of carrying out intensive renovations on memorial facilities for heroes and martyrs at and below the county level, fundamentally improving the overall appearance of these facilities, and greatly enhancing the educational function of these facilities.
山东省是30.7万名烈士长眠之地，全省共建有烈士纪念设施12.3万处。自2021年9月至今年6月，山东开展县级以下烈士纪念设施整修工程，共整修烈士纪念设施26663处。其中，迁入烈士陵园或集中管护点的散葬烈士墓4813座、就地保护烈士纪念设施20885处；修缮陵园、碑、亭等烈士纪念设施926处。
Shandong province is the final resting place of 307,000 martyrs and has 123,000 memorial facilities. From September 2021 to June this year, Shandong carried out renovation projects for martyrs' memorial facilities below the county level, renovating a total of 26,663 martyrs' memorial facilities. Among them, 4,813 scattered graves of martyrs have been moved into the martyrs’ cemeteries or centralized management and protection sites, a total of 20, 885 memorial facilities are under on-site protection, and 926 martyrs' memorial facilities such as cemeteries, monuments and pavilions have been repaired.
自启动“县级以下英雄烈士纪念设施整修工程”以来，浙江省宁波市完成烈士纪念设施整修285处，迁移零散烈士墓198座，全面完成县级以下英雄烈士纪念设施迁移、修缮。湖南省株洲市集中迁移管护零散烈士墓2658座，修缮烈士墓1000余座，3774处烈士纪念设施面貌焕然一新。
Since the national renovation project of memorial facilities for heroes and martyrs below the county level was carried out in September 2021, Ningbo city of Zhejiang province has completed the relocation and renovation of memorial facilities for heroes and martyrs below the county level with 285 martyrs' memorial facilities renovated and 198 scattered martyrs' tombs relocated. In Zhuzhou city, Hunan province, 2,658 scattered martyrs' tombs have been relocated, and more than 1,000 have been repaired. A total of 3,774 martyrs' memorial facilities have taken on a new look in Zhuzhou.
把长眠异国的烈士带回祖国怀抱
Bringing the martyrs buried abroad back home
70年来，国家和人民始终没有忘记在抗美援朝战争中英勇牺牲的烈士们。19万7千多名英雄儿女为了祖国、为了人民、为了和平献出了宝贵生命。
Though 70 years have passed, the country and the people have never forgotten the martyrs who died bravely in the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea. Over 197,000 Chinese People’s Volunteers (CPV) soldiers laid down their precious lives for the motherland, the people and peace.
2013年，中韩双方本着友好协商、务实合作的精神，达成了将在韩志愿军烈士遗骸归还中国的协议。
In 2013, in the spirit of friendly consultation and practical cooperation, China and South Korea (ROK) reached an agreement to return the remains of CPV martyrs in South Korea to China.
2014年3月28日，首批437位中国人民志愿军烈士遗骸回国，运送烈士遗骸的专机进入中国领空后，空军派出两架歼-11B战斗机迎接护航。
On March 28, 2014, the first batch of 437 CPV martyrs’ remains returned to China from South Korea. When the special aircraft carrying the remains of the martyrs entered China’s territorial airspace, two J-11B fighter jets dispatched by the PLA Air Force were there to provide escort.
从2014年至2022年，中韩两国每年都会进行交接，并已连续9年成功交接913位在韩中国人民志愿军烈士遗骸。
From 2014 to 2022, China and ROK have made the handover of the remains of CPV martyrs an annual work. China has taken remains of 913 CPV martyrs back home in 9 consecutive years.
2022年9月16日，第九批88位在韩中国人民志愿军烈士遗骸搭载运20运输机回归祖国，并由歼-20隐形战机护航。“双20”列阵长空，告慰革命先烈。
On September 16, the remains of 88 CPV martyrs were returned to China. The Y-2 large transport aircraft carrying the remains and belongings of the 88 fallen CPV soldiers was escorted by two J-20 stealth fighter jets in China’s territorial airspace. Using "20 series" military aircraft to bring the martyrs home is China’s way of respecting and honoring them.
从9月14日12点到9月17日12点，退役军人事务部全网推出“山河锦绣 英雄归来——第九批在韩志愿军烈士遗骸回国”72小时主题直播活动。全网共计超过一亿人线上共听教育课，通过留言互动、线上献花等方式表达对志愿军烈士的深切思念。
On the other hand, a 72-hour themed activity named “The heroes return when the motherland is prosperous—welcome the return of the 9th batch of the remains of CPV martyrs” was broadcast live on the Internet by the Ministry of Veterans Affairs. Lasting from 12:00 pm, Sept. 14 to 12:00 pm, Sept. 17, the themed live streaming was watched by over 100 million people, who expressed their heartfelt respect and sentiment of missing for the CPV martyrs by writing comments, sending virtual flowers online and other means.
9月17日，第九批在韩中国人民志愿军烈士遗骸安葬仪式在沈阳抗美援朝烈士 陵园举行。
A burial ceremony for the remains of 88 Chinese People's Volunteers (CPV) martyrs is held at the CPV martyrs' cemetery in Shenyang, northeast China's Liaoning Province, Sept. 17, 2022.
DNA技术、模拟绘画帮助烈士重获身份和面容
DNA technology and simulated portraits help martyrs to regain identification and image
2020年4月16日，退役军人事务部烈士纪念设施保护中心（退役军人事务部烈士遗骸搜寻鉴定中心）、退役军人信息中心揭牌仪式在北京举行。以此为始，我国的烈士遗骸搜寻鉴定工作有了新的突破。
On April 16, 2020, the unveiling ceremony of the Protection Center for Memorial Facility of Martyrs (the Martyrs Remains Search and Identification Center of the Ministry of Veterans Affairs) and the Veterans Information Center was held in Beijing, marking the beginning of new breakthroughs in the search and identification of martyrs' remains.
2021年1月28日，山东省济南市退役军人事务局启动无名烈士DNA样本提取工作，一共提取了705份有效样本。这样大规模利用新型DNA技术手段为无名烈士寻亲，在全国尚属首次。截至2022年4月1日，他们已完成上百份无名烈士DNA信息比对，寻亲行程达2万多公里，为45位无名烈士找到亲人。
On January 28, 2021, the Jinan Municipal Bureau of Veterans Affairs initiated the DNA sampling on unknown martyrs and successfully collected 705 effective samples, with the aim to find the relatives of these martyrs. This is the first time that China applies DNA technology in such a large scale for this purpose.
By April 1, 2022, after completing comparison of nearly 100 pieces of DNA information, 45 unknown martyrs have regained identification and their relatives have been found.
随着DNA技术在烈士遗骸鉴定工作中大放异彩，2022年7月20日，国家烈士遗骸搜寻队及国家烈士遗骸DNA鉴定实验室在北京成立，标志着我国烈士遗骸搜寻鉴定工作体系建设取得了阶段性成效。
As DNA technology plays a significant role in the identification of the remains of martyrs, the National Team for Martyrs’ Remains Searching and the National Laboratory for DNA Identification of the Remains of Martyrs were established in Beijing, on July 20, 2022, which marks that China has made a new progress in the construction of martyrs’ remains searching and identifying system.
DNA技术让无名烈士重获姓名，来自民间的行动则让烈士的容貌重现人间。
While the DNA technology helps unknown martyrs to regain names, simulated portraits bring back the faces of the martyrs.
山东省公安厅一级警督林宇辉 退休后，发挥自己模拟画像特长，利用5年时间，先后完成150余幅烈士画像，用这种特殊的方式，让英雄跨越时空与亲人“团聚”。
After retirement, Lin Yuhui, the former first-grade police supervisor with the Material Evidence Identification Center under the Shandong Provincial Public Security Department, painted in 5 years simulated portraits for over 150 martyrs by giving full play to his special talent of painting simulated portrait, Thanks to his effort, the relatives of the martyrs were able to “reunite” with their loved ones again.
目前，浙江杭州、山东青岛、山东泰安、江西安义、福建龙岩等地先后启动为革命烈士画像活动，安徽师范大学、山东服装职业学院等高校美术专业师生相继加入志愿者团队。
Now, many cities, including Hangzhou, Qingdao, and Tai’an, have launched such activity to paint the simulated portraits for martyrs. Moreover, students and teachers of the fine arts department from colleges and universities including the Anhui Normal University and Shandong Vocational Institute of Fashion Technology also joined as volunteers.
前山东省公安厅物证鉴定中心首席模拟画像专家、一级警督林宇辉
Lin Yuhui, retired first-grade police supervisor of the Material Evidence Identification Center under the Shandong Provincial Public Security Department, stands in front of the unknown martyrs’ simulated portraits painted by him.
无论时间过去了有多久，无论是在他乡还是异国，祖国和人民用行动证明了,烈士永远不会被忘记。
China and Chinese people have proved with warm actions that martyrs of the country will always be remembered, no matter how many years have passed or where the martyrs rest!
